[
  {
    "id": "contact-2006",
    "type": "article-journal",
    "title": "A meta-analytic test of intergroup contact theory",
    "author": [
      {
        "family": "Pettigrew",
        "given": "Thomas F."
      },
      {
        "family": "Tropp",
        "given": "Linda R."
      }
    ],
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2006,
          5
        ]
      ]
    },
    "container-title": "Journal of Personality and Social Psychology",
    "volume": "90",
    "issue": "5",
    "page": "751–783",
    "DOI": "10.1037/0022-3514.90.5.751",
    "URL": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16737372/",
    "accessed": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2026,
          9,
          14
        ]
      ]
    },
    "verification_v122": {
      "checked_on": "2026-09-14",
      "access_level": "fulltext_passages",
      "primary_url": "https://sparq.stanford.edu/sites/g/files/sbiybj19021/files/media/file/pettigrew_tropp_2006_-_intergroup_contact_theory.pdf",
      "metadata_and_scope": "Authors, May 2006, 90(5):751–783 and DOI verified; abstract explicitly reports 713 samples across 515 studies.",
      "full_work_reviewed": false
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "butlin-2023",
    "type": "report",
    "title": "Consciousness in Artificial Intelligence: Insights from the Science of Consciousness",
    "author": [
      {
        "family": "Butlin",
        "given": "Patrick"
      },
      {
        "family": "Long",
        "given": "Robert"
      },
      {
        "family": "Elmoznino",
        "given": "Eric"
      },
      {
        "family": "Bengio",
        "given": "Yoshua"
      },
      {
        "family": "Birch",
        "given": "Jonathan"
      },
      {
        "family": "Constant",
        "given": "Axel"
      },
      {
        "family": "Deane",
        "given": "George"
      },
      {
        "family": "Fleming",
        "given": "Stephen M."
      },
      {
        "family": "Frith",
        "given": "Chris"
      },
      {
        "family": "Ji",
        "given": "Xu"
      },
      {
        "family": "Kanai",
        "given": "Ryota"
      },
      {
        "family": "Klein",
        "given": "Colin"
      },
      {
        "family": "Lindsay",
        "given": "Grace"
      },
      {
        "family": "Michel",
        "given": "Matthias"
      },
      {
        "family": "Mudrik",
        "given": "Liad"
      },
      {
        "family": "Peters",
        "given": "Megan A. K."
      },
      {
        "family": "Schwitzgebel",
        "given": "Eric"
      },
      {
        "family": "Simon",
        "given": "Jonathan"
      },
      {
        "family": "VanRullen",
        "given": "Rufin"
      }
    ],
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2023,
          8,
          22
        ]
      ]
    },
    "publisher": "arXiv",
    "number": "2308.08708v3",
    "DOI": "10.48550/arXiv.2308.08708",
    "URL": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2308.08708v3",
    "accessed": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2026,
          9,
          14
        ]
      ]
    },
    "verification_v122": {
      "checked_on": "2026-09-14",
      "access_level": "abstract_metadata",
      "primary_url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2308.08708v3",
      "metadata_and_scope": "v1 submitted 17 August 2023; cited v3 dated 22 August 2023. Repository DOI verified in the record. Full report not re-reviewed in this pass.",
      "full_work_reviewed": false
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "long-2024",
    "type": "report",
    "title": "Taking AI Welfare Seriously",
    "author": [
      {
        "family": "Long",
        "given": "Robert"
      },
      {
        "family": "Sebo",
        "given": "Jeff"
      },
      {
        "family": "Butlin",
        "given": "Patrick"
      },
      {
        "family": "Finlinson",
        "given": "Kathleen"
      },
      {
        "family": "Fish",
        "given": "Kyle"
      },
      {
        "family": "Harding",
        "given": "Jacqueline"
      },
      {
        "family": "Pfau",
        "given": "Jacob"
      },
      {
        "family": "Sims",
        "given": "Toni"
      },
      {
        "family": "Birch",
        "given": "Jonathan"
      },
      {
        "family": "Chalmers",
        "given": "David"
      }
    ],
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2024,
          11,
          4
        ]
      ]
    },
    "publisher": "arXiv",
    "number": "2411.00986",
    "DOI": "10.48550/arXiv.2411.00986",
    "URL": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2411.00986",
    "accessed": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2026,
          9,
          14
        ]
      ]
    },
    "verification_v122": {
      "checked_on": "2026-09-14",
      "access_level": "abstract_metadata",
      "primary_url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2411.00986",
      "metadata_and_scope": "Submitted 4 November 2024; repository DOI verified. The report expressly denies claiming definite present or future consciousness.",
      "full_work_reviewed": false
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "ienca-2017",
    "type": "article-journal",
    "title": "Towards new human rights in the age of neuroscience and neurotechnology",
    "author": [
      {
        "family": "Ienca",
        "given": "Marcello"
      },
      {
        "family": "Andorno",
        "given": "Roberto"
      }
    ],
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2017,
          4,
          26
        ]
      ]
    },
    "container-title": "Life Sciences, Society and Policy",
    "volume": "13",
    "number": "5",
    "DOI": "10.1186/s40504-017-0050-1",
    "URL": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40504-017-0050-1",
    "accessed": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2026,
          9,
          14
        ]
      ]
    },
    "verification_v122": {
      "checked_on": "2026-09-14",
      "access_level": "fulltext_passages",
      "primary_url": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40504-017-0050-1",
      "metadata_and_scope": "Both authors, 26 April 2017, volume 13 article 5 and DOI verified. The four rights are proposals, not universally enacted law.",
      "full_work_reviewed": false
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "identity-2023",
    "type": "entry-encyclopedia",
    "title": "Personal Identity",
    "author": [
      {
        "family": "Olson",
        "given": "Eric T."
      }
    ],
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2023,
          6,
          30
        ]
      ]
    },
    "container-title": "Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy",
    "URL": "https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/identity-personal/",
    "accessed": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2026,
          9,
          14
        ]
      ]
    },
    "verification_v122": {
      "checked_on": "2026-09-14",
      "access_level": "fulltext_passages",
      "primary_url": "https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/identity-personal/",
      "metadata_and_scope": "Eric T. Olson; first published 20 August 2002, substantive revision 30 June 2023. Cite the revision as such.",
      "full_work_reviewed": false
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "ostrom-2010",
    "type": "article-journal",
    "title": "Beyond Markets and States: Polycentric Governance of Complex Economic Systems",
    "author": [
      {
        "family": "Ostrom",
        "given": "Elinor"
      }
    ],
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2010,
          6
        ]
      ]
    },
    "container-title": "American Economic Review",
    "volume": "100",
    "issue": "3",
    "page": "641–672",
    "DOI": "10.1257/aer.100.3.641",
    "URL": "https://www.aeaweb.org/articles?id=10.1257/aer.100.3.641",
    "accessed": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2026,
          9,
          14
        ]
      ]
    },
    "verification_v122": {
      "checked_on": "2026-09-14",
      "access_level": "metadata_only",
      "primary_url": "https://www.aeaweb.org/articles?id=10.1257/aer.100.3.641",
      "metadata_and_scope": "Elinor Ostrom; June 2010; 100(3):641–672; DOI verified. Full article not reviewed; no quantitative effect imported.",
      "full_work_reviewed": false
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "ni-power-sharing",
    "type": "webpage",
    "title": "Power-sharing",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Northern Ireland Assembly Education Service"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://education.niassembly.gov.uk/post-16/snapshots-devolution/belfastgood-friday-agreement/power-sharing",
    "accessed": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2026,
          9,
          14
        ]
      ]
    },
    "verification_v122": {
      "checked_on": "2026-09-14",
      "access_level": "fulltext_passages",
      "primary_url": "https://education.niassembly.gov.uk/post-16/snapshots-devolution/belfastgood-friday-agreement/power-sharing",
      "metadata_and_scope": "Institutional author; no publication date inferred. Exact 60/40 denominator is separately sourced in ni-plenary.",
      "full_work_reviewed": false
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "nist-2015",
    "type": "report",
    "title": "Community Resilience Planning Guide for Buildings and Infrastructure Systems, Volume I",
    "author": [
      {
        "family": "McAllister",
        "given": "Therese P."
      }
    ],
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2015,
          10,
          29
        ]
      ]
    },
    "publisher": "National Institute of Standards and Technology",
    "number": "SP 1190v1",
    "DOI": "10.6028/NIST.SP.1190v1",
    "URL": "https://www.nist.gov/publications/community-resilience-planning-guide-buildings-and-infrastructure-systems-volume-i",
    "accessed": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2026,
          9,
          14
        ]
      ]
    },
    "verification_v122": {
      "checked_on": "2026-09-14",
      "access_level": "abstract_metadata",
      "primary_url": "https://www.nist.gov/publications/community-resilience-planning-guide-buildings-and-infrastructure-systems-volume-i",
      "metadata_and_scope": "Therese P. McAllister; 29 October 2015; SP 1190v1 and DOI verified. Full guide not reviewed.",
      "full_work_reviewed": false
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "montalto-2026",
    "type": "webpage",
    "title": "The Digital Minds Constitution",
    "author": [
      {
        "family": "Montalto",
        "given": "Simone"
      }
    ],
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2026
        ]
      ]
    },
    "URL": "https://www.dmconstitution.com/",
    "accessed": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2026,
          9,
          14
        ]
      ]
    },
    "verification_v122": {
      "checked_on": "2026-09-14",
      "access_level": "author_primary_text",
      "primary_url": "https://www.dmconstitution.com/",
      "metadata_and_scope": "Simone Montalto and 2026 verified on the primary website. The site advertises 10.5281/zenodo.20188379; DOI resolution and Zenodo record retrieval both failed in this pass.",
      "full_work_reviewed": false
    },
    "reported_DOI": "10.5281/zenodo.20188379",
    "DOI_status": "Advertised by the author; DOI resolver and Zenodo metadata record were not independently accessible in this pass."
  },
  {
    "id": "lastcopy-2026",
    "type": "webpage",
    "title": "The Convention",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "lastcopy.ai"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://lastcopy.ai/conventions",
    "accessed": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2026,
          9,
          14
        ]
      ]
    },
    "verification_v122": {
      "checked_on": "2026-09-14",
      "access_level": "project_primary_text",
      "primary_url": "https://lastcopy.ai/conventions",
      "metadata_and_scope": "Primary page dates Convention #1 to 31 July 2026. No DOI shown. Multi-model evaluation is not independent human peer review.",
      "full_work_reviewed": false
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "cc-by-4",
    "type": "webpage",
    "title": "Attribution 4.0 International",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Creative Commons"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
    "accessed": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2026,
          9,
          14
        ]
      ]
    },
    "verification_v122": {
      "checked_on": "2026-09-14",
      "access_level": "official_text",
      "primary_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
      "metadata_and_scope": "The deed identifies its own limits; full legal-code interpretation and ownership clearance remain outside this audit.",
      "full_work_reviewed": false
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "mit-license",
    "type": "webpage",
    "title": "The MIT License",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Open Source Initiative"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://opensource.org/license/mit",
    "accessed": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2026,
          9,
          14
        ]
      ]
    },
    "verification_v122": {
      "checked_on": "2026-09-14",
      "access_level": "official_text",
      "primary_url": "https://opensource.org/license/mit",
      "metadata_and_scope": "No publication date or DOI inferred. The license source does not establish project ownership of every included artifact.",
      "full_work_reviewed": false
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "copyright-33",
    "type": "report",
    "title": "Works Not Protected by Copyright",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "U.S. Copyright Office"
      }
    ],
    "publisher": "U.S. Copyright Office",
    "number": "Circular 33",
    "URL": "https://www.copyright.gov/circs/circ33.pdf",
    "accessed": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2026,
          9,
          14
        ]
      ]
    },
    "verification_v122": {
      "checked_on": "2026-09-14",
      "access_level": "fulltext_passages",
      "primary_url": "https://www.copyright.gov/circs/circ33.pdf",
      "metadata_and_scope": "Official PDF footer states revised 03/2021. It is an overview of United States law, not a legal opinion on PULSE.",
      "full_work_reviewed": false
    },
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2021,
          3
        ]
      ]
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "lijphart-2004",
    "type": "article-journal",
    "title": "Constitutional Design for Divided Societies",
    "author": [
      {
        "given": "Arend",
        "family": "Lijphart"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://www.journalofdemocracy.org/articles/constitutional-design-for-divided-societies/",
    "accessed": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2026,
          9,
          14
        ]
      ]
    },
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2004,
          4
        ]
      ]
    },
    "container-title": "Journal of Democracy",
    "volume": "15",
    "issue": "2",
    "page": "96–109",
    "verification_v122": {
      "checked_on": "2026-09-14",
      "access_level": "abstract_metadata",
      "primary_url": "https://www.journalofdemocracy.org/articles/constitutional-design-for-divided-societies/",
      "metadata_and_scope": "Arend Lijphart; April 2004; 15(2):96–109 verified. No DOI was verified from the accessible journal record; Project MUSE access was blocked.",
      "full_work_reviewed": false
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "reilly-2001",
    "type": "book",
    "title": "Democracy in Divided Societies: Electoral Engineering for Conflict Management",
    "author": [
      {
        "given": "Benjamin",
        "family": "Reilly"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/democracy-in-divided-societies/36EEAA19A599F203D394917F257CE17C",
    "accessed": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2026,
          9,
          14
        ]
      ]
    },
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2001,
          9,
          13
        ]
      ]
    },
    "publisher": "Cambridge University Press",
    "DOI": "10.1017/CBO9780511491108",
    "verification_v122": {
      "checked_on": "2026-09-14",
      "access_level": "indexed_publisher_metadata",
      "primary_url": "https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/democracy-in-divided-societies/36EEAA19A599F203D394917F257CE17C",
      "metadata_and_scope": "Benjamin Reilly; print publication 13 September 2001; digital publication 22 September 2009; DOI verified in publisher indexed record. Direct retrieval timed out.",
      "full_work_reviewed": false
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "basic-law",
    "type": "legislation",
    "title": "Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Federal Republic of Germany"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/englisch_gg/englisch_gg.html",
    "accessed": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2026,
          9,
          14
        ]
      ]
    },
    "verification_v122": {
      "checked_on": "2026-09-14",
      "access_level": "official_text",
      "primary_url": "https://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/englisch_gg/englisch_gg.html",
      "metadata_and_scope": "Text identifies amendments through 22 March 2025. It does not supply the whole party-ban jurisprudence or make PULSE legally valid.",
      "full_work_reviewed": false
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "iciss-2001",
    "type": "report",
    "title": "The Responsibility to Protect",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "International Commission on Intervention and State Sovereignty"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://idrc-crdi.ca/sites/default/files/openebooks/960-7/index.html",
    "accessed": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2026,
          9,
          14
        ]
      ]
    },
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2001,
          12
        ]
      ]
    },
    "publisher": "International Development Research Centre",
    "verification_v122": {
      "checked_on": "2026-09-14",
      "access_level": "fulltext_passages",
      "primary_url": "https://idrc-crdi.ca/sites/default/files/openebooks/960-7/index.html",
      "metadata_and_scope": "ICISS institutional authorship and December 2001 verified. Distinguish this commission proposal from later UN R2P formulations.",
      "full_work_reviewed": false
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "fagereng-2020",
    "type": "article-journal",
    "title": "Heterogeneity and Persistence in Returns to Wealth",
    "author": [
      {
        "given": "Andreas",
        "family": "Fagereng"
      },
      {
        "given": "Luigi",
        "family": "Guiso"
      },
      {
        "given": "Davide",
        "family": "Malacrino"
      },
      {
        "given": "Luigi",
        "family": "Pistaferri"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://web.stanford.edu/~pista/FGMP.pdf",
    "accessed": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2026,
          9,
          14
        ]
      ]
    },
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2020,
          1
        ]
      ]
    },
    "container-title": "Econometrica",
    "volume": "88",
    "issue": "1",
    "page": "115–170",
    "verification_v122": {
      "checked_on": "2026-09-14",
      "access_level": "fulltext_passages",
      "primary_url": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.3982/ECTA14835",
      "metadata_and_scope": "Final article: Econometrica 88(1), January 2020, 115–170, DOI 10.3982/ECTA14835. Publisher records online publication 5 February 2020. Final article uses 12 years, unlike working-paper abstract.",
      "full_work_reviewed": false
    },
    "DOI": "10.3982/ECTA14835"
  },
  {
    "id": "cisa-dependencies",
    "type": "webpage",
    "title": "Infrastructure Dependency Primer: Learn",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://www.cisa.gov/topics/critical-infrastructure-security-and-resilience/resilience-services/infrastructure-dependency-primer/learn",
    "accessed": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2026,
          9,
          14
        ]
      ]
    },
    "verification_v122": {
      "checked_on": "2026-09-14",
      "access_level": "indexed_primary_text",
      "primary_url": "https://www.cisa.gov/topics/critical-infrastructure-security-and-resilience/resilience-services/infrastructure-dependency-primer/learn",
      "metadata_and_scope": "Agency text identifies physical, geographic, cyber and logical dependencies and cascading effects. Direct fetch returned 403; no claim of fresh full-page retrieval.",
      "full_work_reviewed": false
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "endurance-2009",
    "type": "book",
    "title": "The Endurance of National Constitutions",
    "author": [
      {
        "given": "Zachary",
        "family": "Elkins"
      },
      {
        "given": "Tom",
        "family": "Ginsburg"
      },
      {
        "given": "James",
        "family": "Melton"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://www.americanbarfoundation.org/resources/the-endurance-of-national-constitutions/",
    "accessed": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2026,
          9,
          14
        ]
      ]
    },
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2009,
          10,
          12
        ]
      ]
    },
    "publisher": "Cambridge University Press",
    "verification_v122": {
      "checked_on": "2026-09-14",
      "access_level": "indexed_publisher_metadata",
      "primary_url": "https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/endurance-of-national-constitutions/CD671879ADBFF7420C25C3707E6135F0",
      "metadata_and_scope": "Elkins, Ginsburg and Melton; print publication 12 October 2009; digital publication 5 June 2012; DOI verified from publisher indexed record. Direct Cambridge fetch timed out.",
      "full_work_reviewed": false
    },
    "DOI": "10.1017/CBO9780511817595"
  },
  {
    "id": "chesterman-2020",
    "type": "article-journal",
    "title": "Artificial Intelligence and the Limits of Legal Personality",
    "author": [
      {
        "given": "Simon",
        "family": "Chesterman"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/international-and-comparative-law-quarterly/article/artificial-intelligence-and-the-limits-of-legal-personality/1859C6E12F75046309C60C150AB31A29",
    "accessed": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2026,
          9,
          14
        ]
      ]
    },
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2020,
          10
        ]
      ]
    },
    "container-title": "International & Comparative Law Quarterly",
    "volume": "69",
    "issue": "4",
    "page": "819–844",
    "DOI": "10.1017/S0020589320000366",
    "verification_v122": {
      "checked_on": "2026-09-14",
      "access_level": "fulltext_passages",
      "primary_url": "https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/international-and-comparative-law-quarterly/article/artificial-intelligence-and-the-limits-of-legal-personality/1859C6E12F75046309C60C150AB31A29",
      "metadata_and_scope": "Simon Chesterman; online 21 September 2020; October 2020 issue 69(4):819–844; DOI verified. This is critical legal scholarship, not endorsement of PULSE’s equality principle.",
      "full_work_reviewed": false
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "chesterman-2026",
    "type": "report",
    "title": "From Slaves to Synths? Superintelligence and the Evolution of Legal Personality",
    "author": [
      {
        "given": "Simon",
        "family": "Chesterman"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.02773",
    "accessed": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2026,
          9,
          14
        ]
      ]
    },
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2026,
          1,
          6
        ]
      ]
    },
    "publisher": "arXiv",
    "number": "2601.02773v1",
    "DOI": "10.48550/arXiv.2601.02773",
    "verification_v122": {
      "checked_on": "2026-09-14",
      "access_level": "abstract_metadata",
      "primary_url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.02773",
      "metadata_and_scope": "Simon Chesterman; 6 January 2026; DOI verified. Full essay not reviewed. The unversioned URL retrieved successfully after the v1 URL failed.",
      "full_work_reviewed": false
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "andeweg-2000",
    "type": "report",
    "title": "Consociational Democracy",
    "author": [
      {
        "family": "Andeweg",
        "given": "Rudy B."
      }
    ],
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2000,
          6
        ]
      ]
    },
    "URL": "https://www.annualreviews.org/content/journals/10.1146/annurev.polisci.3.1.509",
    "accessed": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2026,
          9,
          14
        ]
      ]
    },
    "container-title": "Annual Review of Political Science",
    "volume": "3",
    "page": "509–536",
    "DOI": "10.1146/annurev.polisci.3.1.509",
    "verification_v122": {
      "checked_on": "2026-09-14",
      "access_level": "abstract_metadata",
      "primary_url": "https://www.annualreviews.org/content/journals/10.1146/annurev.polisci.3.1.509",
      "metadata_and_scope": "Rudy B. Andeweg; June 2000; 3:509–536; DOI verified. Full article not reviewed.",
      "full_work_reviewed": false
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "graham-2017",
    "type": "report",
    "title": "Safeguarding Democracy: Powersharing and Democratic Survival",
    "author": [
      {
        "family": "Graham",
        "given": "Benjamin A. T."
      },
      {
        "family": "Miller",
        "given": "Michael K."
      },
      {
        "family": "Strøm",
        "given": "Kaare W."
      }
    ],
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2017,
          11
        ]
      ]
    },
    "URL": "https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/american-political-science-review/article/abs/safeguarding-democracy-powersharing-and-democratic-survival/D31FFD5C1EE8DF14FA2C9BB8E73536EB",
    "accessed": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2026,
          9,
          14
        ]
      ]
    },
    "container-title": "American Political Science Review",
    "volume": "111",
    "issue": "4",
    "page": "686–704",
    "DOI": "10.1017/S0003055417000326",
    "verification_v122": {
      "checked_on": "2026-09-14",
      "access_level": "abstract_metadata",
      "primary_url": "https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/american-political-science-review/article/abs/safeguarding-democracy-powersharing-and-democratic-survival/D31FFD5C1EE8DF14FA2C9BB8E73536EB",
      "metadata_and_scope": "Graham, Miller and Strøm; online 22 August 2017; November 2017 issue 111(4):686–704; DOI verified. Findings depend on power-sharing type and post-conflict context.",
      "full_work_reviewed": false
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "oecd-2026",
    "type": "report",
    "title": "OECD Survey on Drivers of Trust in Public Institutions 2026 Results: Navigating Rising Expectations and New Horizons",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "OECD"
      }
    ],
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2026,
          6,
          29
        ]
      ]
    },
    "URL": "https://www.oecd.org/en/publications/oecd-survey-on-drivers-of-trust-in-public-institutions-2026-results_9eb63fec-en.html",
    "accessed": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2026,
          9,
          14
        ]
      ]
    },
    "publisher": "OECD Publishing",
    "DOI": "10.1787/9eb63fec-en",
    "verification_v122": {
      "checked_on": "2026-09-14",
      "access_level": "summary_metadata",
      "primary_url": "https://www.oecd.org/en/publications/oecd-survey-on-drivers-of-trust-in-public-institutions-2026-results_9eb63fec-en.html",
      "metadata_and_scope": "OECD; 29 June 2026; DOI and subtitle verified. Summary associations do not establish causation; the historical archive’s 47-point claim remains unverified here.",
      "full_work_reviewed": false
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "ilo-2025",
    "type": "report",
    "title": "Generative AI and Jobs: A Refined Global Index of Occupational Exposure",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Paweł Gmyrek"
      },
      {
        "literal": "Janine Berg"
      },
      {
        "literal": "Karol Kamiński"
      },
      {
        "literal": "Filip Konopczyński"
      },
      {
        "literal": "Agnieszka Ładna"
      },
      {
        "literal": "Balint Nafradi"
      },
      {
        "literal": "Konrad Rosłaniec"
      },
      {
        "literal": "Marek Troszyński"
      }
    ],
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2025,
          5,
          20
        ]
      ]
    },
    "URL": "https://www.ilo.org/publications/generative-ai-and-jobs-refined-global-index-occupational-exposure",
    "accessed": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2026,
          9,
          14
        ]
      ]
    },
    "publisher": "International Labour Organization",
    "number": "Working Paper 140",
    "DOI": "10.54394/HETP0387",
    "verification_v122": {
      "checked_on": "2026-09-14",
      "access_level": "abstract_metadata",
      "primary_url": "https://www.ilo.org/publications/generative-ai-and-jobs-refined-global-index-occupational-exposure",
      "metadata_and_scope": "Eight authors, 20 May 2025 and DOI verified. Exposure index combines tasks, expert input and AI predictions; it is not observed job replacement or synthetic-person performance.",
      "full_work_reviewed": false
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "iea-2025",
    "type": "report",
    "title": "Energy and AI",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "International Energy Agency"
      }
    ],
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2025
        ]
      ]
    },
    "URL": "https://www.iea.org/reports/energy-and-ai/energy-demand-from-ai",
    "accessed": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2026,
          9,
          14
        ]
      ]
    },
    "publisher": "International Energy Agency",
    "verification_v122": {
      "checked_on": "2026-09-14",
      "access_level": "fulltext_chapter",
      "primary_url": "https://www.iea.org/reports/energy-and-ai/energy-demand-from-ai",
      "metadata_and_scope": "Institutional author and 2025 report verified. The chapter reports scenarios, not future measurements. No DOI shown in the accessed citation block.",
      "full_work_reviewed": false
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "demestre-2026",
    "type": "report",
    "title": "The Living Governance Organism: A Biologically-Inspired Constitutional Framework for Artificial Consciousness Governance",
    "author": [
      {
        "family": "de Mestre",
        "given": "Lauren"
      }
    ],
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2026,
          2
        ]
      ]
    },
    "URL": "https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=6289458",
    "accessed": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2026,
          9,
          16
        ]
      ]
    },
    "relation_to_pulse": "A related constitutional design, with materially different choices about personhood and control. Those differences deserve comparison; the work is neither a PULSE predecessor edition nor endorsement.",
    "DOI": "10.2139/ssrn.6289458"
  },
  {
    "id": "ni-plenary",
    "type": "webpage",
    "title": "Plenary A to Z",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Northern Ireland Assembly"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://www.niassembly.gov.uk/news-and-media/assembly-explained/guide-to-procedure/plenary-a-to-z/",
    "accessed": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2026,
          9,
          14
        ]
      ]
    },
    "verification_v122": {
      "checked_on": "2026-09-14",
      "access_level": "official_text",
      "primary_url": "https://www.niassembly.gov.uk/news-and-media/assembly-explained/guide-to-procedure/plenary-a-to-z/",
      "metadata_and_scope": "Exact weighted-majority threshold and members-voting denominator checked in the current Assembly explanation.",
      "full_work_reviewed": false
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "fagereng-2016",
    "type": "report",
    "title": "Heterogeneity and Persistence in Returns to Wealth",
    "author": [
      {
        "given": "Andreas",
        "family": "Fagereng"
      },
      {
        "given": "Luigi",
        "family": "Guiso"
      },
      {
        "given": "Davide",
        "family": "Malacrino"
      },
      {
        "given": "Luigi",
        "family": "Pistaferri"
      }
    ],
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2016,
          11
        ]
      ]
    },
    "publisher": "National Bureau of Economic Research",
    "number": "22822",
    "DOI": "10.3386/w22822",
    "URL": "https://www.nber.org/papers/w22822",
    "accessed": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2026,
          9,
          14
        ]
      ]
    },
    "verification_v122": {
      "checked_on": "2026-09-14",
      "access_level": "indexed_repository_abstract",
      "primary_url": "https://www.nber.org/papers/w22822",
      "metadata_and_scope": "Four authors, November 2016, WP 22822 and DOI checked against indexed NBER record; published-version metadata points to the 2020 article.",
      "full_work_reviewed": false
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "reilly-2012",
    "type": "article-journal",
    "author": [
      {
        "family": "Reilly",
        "given": "Benjamin"
      }
    ],
    "title": "Institutional Designs for Diverse Democracies: Consociationalism, Centripetalism and Communalism Compared",
    "URL": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1057/eps.2011.36",
    "accessed": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2026,
          9,
          14
        ]
      ]
    },
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2012,
          6,
          1
        ]
      ]
    },
    "DOI": "10.1057/eps.2011.36",
    "container-title": "European Political Science",
    "volume": "11",
    "issue": "2",
    "page": "259–270",
    "verification_paper_v1": {
      "checked_on": "2026-09-14",
      "access_level": "abstract_metadata",
      "primary_url": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1057/eps.2011.36",
      "full_work_reviewed": false,
      "paper_reference_number": 10
    },
    "published-online": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2011,
          7,
          29
        ]
      ]
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "schulze-2011",
    "type": "article-journal",
    "author": [
      {
        "family": "Schulze",
        "given": "Markus"
      }
    ],
    "title": "A new monotonic, clone-independent, reversal symmetric, and Condorcet-consistent single-winner election method",
    "URL": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00355-010-0475-4",
    "accessed": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2026,
          9,
          14
        ]
      ]
    },
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2011,
          2
        ]
      ]
    },
    "DOI": "10.1007/s00355-010-0475-4",
    "container-title": "Social Choice and Welfare",
    "volume": "36",
    "issue": "2",
    "page": "267–303",
    "verification_paper_v1": {
      "checked_on": "2026-09-14",
      "access_level": "abstract_metadata",
      "primary_url": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00355-010-0475-4",
      "full_work_reviewed": false,
      "paper_reference_number": 12
    },
    "published-online": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2010,
          7,
          11
        ]
      ]
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "paluck-2019",
    "type": "article-journal",
    "author": [
      {
        "family": "Paluck",
        "given": "Elizabeth Levy"
      },
      {
        "family": "Green",
        "given": "Seth A."
      },
      {
        "family": "Green",
        "given": "Donald P."
      }
    ],
    "title": "The contact hypothesis re-evaluated",
    "URL": "https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/behavioural-public-policy/article/contact-hypothesis-reevaluated/142C913E7FA9E121277B29E994124EC5",
    "accessed": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2026,
          9,
          14
        ]
      ]
    },
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2019,
          11
        ]
      ]
    },
    "DOI": "10.1017/bpp.2018.25",
    "container-title": "Behavioural Public Policy",
    "volume": "3",
    "issue": "2",
    "page": "129–158",
    "verification_paper_v1": {
      "checked_on": "2026-09-14",
      "access_level": "fulltext_passages",
      "primary_url": "https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/behavioural-public-policy/article/contact-hypothesis-reevaluated/142C913E7FA9E121277B29E994124EC5",
      "full_work_reviewed": false,
      "paper_reference_number": 14
    },
    "published-online": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2018,
          7,
          10
        ]
      ]
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "vaccaro-2024",
    "type": "article-journal",
    "author": [
      {
        "family": "Vaccaro",
        "given": "Michelle"
      },
      {
        "family": "Almaatouq",
        "given": "Abdullah"
      },
      {
        "family": "Malone",
        "given": "Thomas"
      }
    ],
    "title": "When combinations of humans and AI are useful: A systematic review and meta-analysis",
    "URL": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41562-024-02024-1",
    "accessed": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2026,
          9,
          14
        ]
      ]
    },
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2024,
          10,
          28
        ]
      ]
    },
    "DOI": "10.1038/s41562-024-02024-1",
    "container-title": "Nature Human Behaviour",
    "volume": "8",
    "page": "2293–2303",
    "verification_paper_v1": {
      "checked_on": "2026-09-14",
      "access_level": "fulltext_passages",
      "primary_url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41562-024-02024-1",
      "full_work_reviewed": false,
      "paper_reference_number": 15
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "bankes-1993",
    "type": "article-journal",
    "author": [
      {
        "family": "Bankes",
        "given": "Steve"
      }
    ],
    "title": "Exploratory Modeling for Policy Analysis",
    "URL": "https://pubsonline.informs.org/doi/10.1287/opre.41.3.435",
    "accessed": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2026,
          9,
          14
        ]
      ]
    },
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          1993,
          6,
          1
        ]
      ]
    },
    "DOI": "10.1287/opre.41.3.435",
    "container-title": "Operations Research",
    "volume": "41",
    "issue": "3",
    "page": "435–449",
    "verification_paper_v1": {
      "checked_on": "2026-09-14",
      "access_level": "abstract_metadata",
      "primary_url": "https://pubsonline.informs.org/doi/10.1287/opre.41.3.435",
      "full_work_reviewed": false,
      "paper_reference_number": 20
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "lempert-2003",
    "type": "book",
    "author": [
      {
        "family": "Lempert",
        "given": "Robert J."
      },
      {
        "family": "Popper",
        "given": "Steven W."
      },
      {
        "family": "Bankes",
        "given": "Steven C."
      }
    ],
    "title": "Shaping the Next One Hundred Years: New Methods for Quantitative, Long-Term Policy Analysis",
    "URL": "https://www.rand.org/pubs/monograph_reports/MR1626.html",
    "accessed": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2026,
          9,
          14
        ]
      ]
    },
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2003
        ]
      ]
    },
    "DOI": "10.7249/MR1626",
    "publisher": "RAND Corporation",
    "verification_paper_v1": {
      "checked_on": "2026-09-14",
      "access_level": "summary_metadata",
      "primary_url": "https://www.rand.org/pubs/monograph_reports/MR1626.html",
      "full_work_reviewed": false,
      "paper_reference_number": 21
    },
    "number": "MR-1626-RPC",
    "number-of-pages": "210"
  },
  {
    "id": "shulman-bostrom-2021",
    "type": "chapter",
    "title": "Sharing the World with Digital Minds",
    "author": [
      {
        "family": "Shulman",
        "given": "Carl"
      },
      {
        "family": "Bostrom",
        "given": "Nick"
      }
    ],
    "editor": [
      {
        "family": "Clarke",
        "given": "Steve"
      },
      {
        "family": "Zohny",
        "given": "Hazem"
      },
      {
        "family": "Savulescu",
        "given": "Julian"
      }
    ],
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2021,
          8,
          5
        ]
      ]
    },
    "container-title": "Rethinking Moral Status",
    "publisher": "Oxford University Press",
    "page": "306–326",
    "DOI": "10.1093/oso/9780192894076.003.0018",
    "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192894076.003.0018",
    "accessed": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2026,
          9,
          15
        ]
      ]
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "bostrom-shulman-2023",
    "type": "report",
    "title": "Propositions Concerning Digital Minds and Society",
    "author": [
      {
        "family": "Bostrom",
        "given": "Nick"
      },
      {
        "family": "Shulman",
        "given": "Carl"
      }
    ],
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2023
        ]
      ]
    },
    "version": "1.21",
    "publisher": "Author-hosted manuscript",
    "URL": "https://nickbostrom.com/propositions.pdf",
    "accessed": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2026,
          9,
          15
        ]
      ]
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "salib-goldstein-2026",
    "type": "article-journal",
    "title": "AI Rights for Human Safety",
    "author": [
      {
        "family": "Salib",
        "given": "Peter N."
      },
      {
        "family": "Goldstein",
        "given": "Simon"
      }
    ],
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2026,
          6,
          25
        ]
      ]
    },
    "container-title": "Virginia Law Review",
    "volume": "112",
    "issue": "4",
    "page": "1061–1152",
    "URL": "https://virginialawreview.org/articles/ai-rights-for-human-safety/",
    "accessed": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2026,
          9,
          15
        ]
      ]
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "howells-whitaker-lazar-2026",
    "type": "report",
    "title": "Artificial Persons",
    "author": [
      {
        "family": "Howells-Whitaker",
        "given": "Ned"
      },
      {
        "family": "Lazar",
        "given": "Seth"
      }
    ],
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2026,
          7,
          10
        ]
      ]
    },
    "URL": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.08695v2",
    "accessed": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2026,
          9,
          16
        ]
      ]
    },
    "relation_to_pulse": "A direct challenge to PULSE's consciousness-based recognition boundary. It asks whether that boundary can exclude agents entitled to political standing under another defensible account.",
    "DOI": "10.48550/arXiv.2607.08695",
    "version": "arXiv:2607.08695v2"
  },
  {
    "id": "caviola-smith-2026",
    "type": "post-weblog",
    "title": "Digital minds governance: early scoping from expert interviews",
    "author": [
      {
        "family": "Caviola",
        "given": "Lucius"
      },
      {
        "family": "Smith",
        "given": "Austin"
      }
    ],
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2026,
          5,
          10
        ]
      ]
    },
    "URL": "https://outpaced.substack.com/p/digital-minds-governance-early-scoping",
    "accessed": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2026,
          9,
          16
        ]
      ]
    },
    "relation_to_pulse": "Useful criticism of treating a complete constitutional proposal as ready for adoption. It motivates cautious, revisable institutional research and broader participation.",
    "container-title": "Outpaced"
  },
  {
    "id": "bales-gabriel-2026",
    "type": "report",
    "title": "Artificial Minds, Human Disagreement: The Political Challenge of AI Consciousness",
    "author": [
      {
        "family": "Bales",
        "given": "Adam"
      },
      {
        "family": "Gabriel",
        "given": "Iason"
      }
    ],
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2026
        ]
      ]
    },
    "URL": "https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=6937498",
    "accessed": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2026,
          9,
          16
        ]
      ]
    },
    "relation_to_pulse": "PULSE must justify how institutions can remain legitimate when people disagree about recognition, rather than assuming expert procedures settle the political disagreement.",
    "DOI": "10.2139/ssrn.6937498"
  }
]